(With Saṅkramaṇa + Eclipse substitutions )
0) Eligibility
| Rule | Note |
|---|---|
| Perform when father has passed | If father is alive, he performs on behalf of the lineage. |
1) Occasions + timing (காலம் / Kāla)
| Occasion | What to say in saṅkalpa | When to do (timing) |
|---|---|---|
| Amāvāsyā (अमावास्या) | Use amāvāsyā | During the Amāvāsyā tithi shown in your pañcāṅga |
| Saṅkramaṇa (only 4) | Replace amāvāsyā with the relevant saṅkramaṇa word (below) | On that saṅkramaṇa day (puṇyakāla per pañcāṅga) |
| Solar eclipse | Replace with sūryoparāga | When eclipse begins (grasp / start) |
| Lunar eclipse | Replace with somoparāga | When eclipse begins to leave (mokṣa / release begins) |
Saṅkramaṇa (4 only) — substitution map
(Replace the word “amāvāsyā” in the saṅkalpa “event” spot with these)
| Tamil month/day | Saṅkramaṇa | Sanskrit (IAST) | Devanāgarī |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chithirai | Meṣa saṅkramaṇa | meṣa-saṅkramaṇa | मेषसङ्क्रमण |
| Ādi | Karkaṭaka saṅkramaṇa | karkaṭaka-saṅkramaṇa | कर्कटसङ्क्रमण |
| Aippasi | Tulā saṅkramaṇa | tulā-saṅkramaṇa | तुलासङ्क्रमण |
| Thai | Makara saṅkramaṇa | makara-saṅkramaṇa | मकरसङ्क्रमण |
2) Poonal positions (यज्ञोपवीत‑स्थितिः)
| Name | Tamil | Meaning | When used here |
|---|---|---|---|
| Upavītī (उपवीती) | உபவீதீ | Poonal over left shoulder | Start + Prāṇāyāma + final Ācamana |
| Prācīnāvītī (प्राचीनावीती) | ப்ராசீனாவீதீ | Poonal over right shoulder | Saṅkalpa → all tarpaṇam steps → pariṣecanam |
Pavitram + Ācamana (important):
During Ācamana, keep the pavitram at the right ear (do not sip water with it on the finger). The book also indicates removing pavitram and then doing ācamana at the end of related rites.
3) Materials
| Item | Notes |
|---|---|
| Water + spoon (uddhariṇī) | Clean |
| Black sesame (tila / எள்) | Used throughout |
| Darbha | For pavitram + kūrccam |
| āsana | Sit facing South |
4) Procedure (क्रम / Krama)
Step 1 — Pūrvāṅgam (पूर्वाङ्ग) — Upavītī
- Sit facing South
- Ācamana (pavitram at right ear)
| IAST | Devanāgarī |
|---|---|
| oṃ acyutāya namaḥ | ॐ अच्युताय नमः |
| oṃ anantāya namaḥ | ॐ अनन्ताय नमः |
| oṃ govindāya namaḥ | ॐ गोविन्दाय नमः |
- Prāṇāyāma (once) — use your regular Sandhyāvandanam prāṇāyāma.
Step 2 — Saṅkalpa (संकल्प) — Prācīnāvītī
Switch to Prācīnāvītī.
2A) Opening ślokas
| IAST | Devanāgarī |
|---|---|
| śuklāmbaradharaṁ viṣṇuṁ śaśivarṇaṁ caturbhujam ।prasannavadanaṁ dhyāyet sarvavighnopaśāntaye ॥ | शुक्लाम्बरधरं विष्णुं शशिवर्णं चतुर्भुजम् ।प्रसन्नवदनं ध्यायेत् सर्वविघ्नोपशान्तये ॥ |
| yasya dviradavaktrādyāḥ pāriṣadyāḥ paraḥ śatam ।vighnaṁ nighnanti satataṁ viṣvaksenaṁ tamāśraye ॥ | यस्य द्विरदवक्त्राद्याः पारिषद्याः परः शतम् ।विघ्नं निघ्नन्ति सततं विष्वक्सेनं तमाश्रये ॥ |
2B) Saṅkalpa template (keep your usual pañcāṅga portion)
Use your standard Bodhāyana wording up to tithi / vāra / nakṣatra.
Then use this event + intent block (this is the part you must substitute for Saṅkramaṇa/Eclipses):
| IAST (fill the placeholders) | Devanāgarī (same meaning) |
|---|---|
asmin {EVENT} puṇya-kāle viśeṣeṇa …vasu-rudra-āditya-svarūpāṇāṁ … ubhaya-vaṁśa-pitṝṇāṁ akṣayya-tṛptyartham …asmin {EVENT} puṇya-kāle tila-tarpaṇam adya kariṣye. | अस्मिन् {EVENT} पुण्यकाले विशेषेण …वसु‑रुद्र‑आदित्य‑स्वरूपाणां … उभय‑वंश‑पितॄणाम् अक्षय्य‑तृप्त्यर्थम् …अस्मिन् {EVENT} पुण्यकाले तिल‑तर्पणम् अद्य करिष्ये। |
EVENT values to use
- Amāvāsyā:
amāvāsyā(अमावास्या) - Saṅkramaṇa (4):
meṣa-saṅkramaṇa / karkaṭaka-saṅkramaṇa / tulā-saṅkramaṇa / makara-saṅkramaṇa - Solar eclipse:
sūryoparāga(सूर्योपाराग) - Lunar eclipse:
somoparāga(सोमोपाराग)
Step 3 — Space purification (स्थानशुद्धिः) — Prācīnāvītī
Touch water and recite:
| IAST | Devanāgarī |
|---|---|
| apahatā asurā rakṣāṁsi piśācā ye kṣayanti pṛthivīmanu ।anyatreto gacchantu yatraiṣāṁ gataṁ manaḥ ॥ | अपहता असुरा रक्षांसि पिशाचा ये क्षयन्ति पृथिवीमनु ।अन्यत्रेतो गच्छन्तु यत्रैषां गतं मनः ॥ |
Step 4 — Invitation set (आवाहन‑क्रमः) — Prācīnāvītī
Take tila (sesame) in hand.
4A) Pitṛ invocation (उदीरण‑मन्त्रः)
| IAST | Devanāgarī |
|---|---|
| udīratām avara utparāsa unmadhyamāḥ pitaraḥ somyāsaḥ ।asūṁ ya īyur avirukā ṛtajñās te ca no’vantu pitaro havedaiḥ ॥ | उदीरतामवरा उत्परास उन्मध्यमा पितरः सोम्यासः ।असू्ँ य ईयुरविरुका ऋतज्ञास्ते च नोऽवन्तु पितरो हवेदैः ॥ |
4B) Self‑purification (अपवित्र‑श्लोकः) + prokṣaṇam
| IAST | Devanāgarī |
|---|---|
| apavitraḥ pavitro vā sarvāvasthāṁ gato’pi vā ।yaḥ smaret puṇḍarīkākṣaṁ sa bahyābhyantaraḥ śuciḥ ॥ | अपवित्रः पवित्रो वा सर्वावस्थां गतोऽपि वा ।यः स्मरेत् पुण्डरीकाक्षं स बह्याभ्यन्तरः शुचिः ॥ |
Then do sītalaprokṣaṇam with:
bhūḥ bhuvaḥ suvaḥ(भूः भुवः सुवः)
Step 5 — Āsana + formal āvāhanam (आसन + आवाहन) — Prācīnāvītī
5A) Seat the pitṛs (barhis/kūrccam)
| IAST | Devanāgarī |
|---|---|
| sakṛdācchinnaṁ barhirūrṇāmṛtasya yonim mitrāpyas tvā parāmyaham ।asmin sīdantu me pitaraḥ somyāḥ pitāmahāḥ prapitāmahāś cāṅgaiḥ saha ॥ | सकृदाच्छिन्नं बर्हिरूर्नामृतस्य योनिं मित्राप्यस्त्वा पराम्यहम् ।अस्मिन् सीदन्तु मे पितरः सोम्याः पितामहाः प्रपितामहाश्चाङ्गैः सह ॥ |
5B) Āvāhanam mantra
| IAST | Devanāgarī |
|---|---|
| āyāta pitaraḥ somyā gambhīraiḥ pathibhiḥ pūrvyaiḥ ।prajāmasmabhyaṁ dadato rayiṁ ca dīrghāyutvaṁ ca śatāśāradaṁ ca ॥ | आयात पितरः सोम्या गम्भीरैः पथिभिः पूर्व्यैः ।प्रजामस्मभ्यं ददतो रयिं च दीर्घायुत्वं च शताशारदं च ॥ |
Step 6 — 24 Tila Tarpaṇams (चतुर्विंशति‑तर्पणानि) — Prācīnāvītī
Method: For each item below, offer tila + water onto the kūrccam three times.
Fixed recitation formula
| IAST | Devanāgarī |
|---|---|
{OBJECT} svadhā namaḥ tarpayāmi | {OBJECT} स्वधा नमः तर्पयामि |
Objects list (24) — compact 3‑column
| 1–8 | 9–16 | 17–24 |
|---|---|---|
1. pitṝn (पितॄन्)2. pitāmahān (पितामहान्)3. prapitāmahān (प्रपितामहान्)4. mātṝn (मातॄन्)5. pitāmahīḥ (पितामहीः)6. prapitāmahīḥ (प्रपितामहीः)7. mātāmahān (मातामहान्)8. mātuḥ pitāmahān (मातुः पितामहान्) | 9. mātuḥ prapitāmahān (मातुः प्रपितामहान्)10. mātāmahīḥ (मातामहीः)11. mātuḥ pitāmahīḥ (मातुः पितामहीः)12. mātuḥ prapitāmahīḥ (मातुः प्रपितामहीः)13. ācāryān (आचार्यान्)14. ācārya-patnīḥ (आचार्यपत्नीः)15. gurūn (गुरून्)16. guru-patnīḥ (गुरुपत्नीः) | 17. sakhīn (सखीन्)18. sakhī-patnīḥ (सखीपत्नीः)19. jñātīn (ज्ञातीन्)20. jñāti-patnīḥ (ज्ञातिपत्नीः)21. amātyān (अमात्यान्)22. amātyāḥ (अमात्याः)23. sarvān (सर्वान्)24. sarvāḥ (सर्वाः) |
Step 7 — Pariṣecanam + closing (परिषेचन) — Prācīnāvītī
After completing the 24, do apasavya / apradakṣiṇa pariṣecanam (anti‑clockwise) around the kūrccam three times, reciting:
| IAST | Devanāgarī |
|---|---|
| ūrjaṁ vahantīramṛtaṁ ghṛtaṁ payaḥ kīlālaṁ pariśrutam ।svadhāstha tarpayata me pitṝn । tṛpyata tṛpyata tṛpyata ॥ | ऊर्जं वहन्तीरमृतं घृतं पयः कीलालं परिश्रुतम् ।स्वधास्थ तर्पयत मे पितॄन् । तृप्यत तृप्यत तृप्यत ॥ |
Step 8 — Completion (समापन) — Upavītī
- Switch back to Upavītī
- Ācamana (same 3 mantras)
- Remove/discard pavitram + darbha appropriately; wash hands.